Exam #3 in Class 12/9

Hi students-

Below is a study guide for Exam #3. There will be 35 questions that are True/False or Multiple Choice. The M/C questions will have 3 answer choices.

Here the test will also have information not related to evolution misconceptions. Here is what you should study:

1. Know the mechanisms of evolution including genetic drift, mutations, non-random mating,
2. Know the taxonomic levels of organization
3. Know what populations are most affected by genetic drift
4. Know what two organisms make up a lichen.
5. Understand the leaf shape of a monocot vs. a dicot.
6. Understand the role of xylem and phloem.
7. What is the purpose of a fleshy fruit?
8. Understand the name for two separate sexes (some animals have it and some plants have it).
9. Know the names of some basic fungi
10. Is there genetic diversity in binary fission?
11. Recognize vestigial, homologous, analogous structures
12. Understand the purpose of flowers
13. Know how antibiotics kill bacterial infections (not viruses)
14. Know problems facing California Condor genetics
15. Know how new alleles form
16. Zooxanthellae live in coral and have a relationship
17. Know the names of animals that do not move around
18. Know the purpose of an operculum
19. Why do some fish have a swim bladder?
20. What did Alfred Wallace and Charles Darwin discover?
21. Recognize that some organisms have traits that give them a survival advantage

Study evolution misconceptions using the UC Berkeley website: https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/misconceptions_faq.php

Make sure that you know the correct evolution basics. Your test will have some evolution True/False statements including several of the statements below. Please note, all of the statements below are True, and represent the best understanding of evolution we have at the moment. You can find citations on the website above:

• In evolutionary theory, life does not evolve randomly, or by chance.
• Evolution can occur slowly and gradually, but it can also occur very rapidly.
• Evolution is NOT a theory about the origin of life.
• Evolution does not necessarily result in progress; organisms are not always getting better through evolution.
• The fittest organisms in a population are not necessarily those that are the strongest, healthiest, fastest, and/or largest.
• Individual organisms cannot evolve during their own lifespan. That is an adaptation.
• In natural selection, organisms do not always “get what they need” to survive.
• Natural selection is about the survival of the “fit enough” to survive long enough to reproduce.
• Evolution and religion are not necessarily incompatible. They simply deal with different realms.
• Humans can greatly influence evolution.
• Genetic drift occurs more often in small populations, but can also happen in large populations.
• Natural selection does not involve organisms that are “trying” to adapt. It results from genetic variation in a population. Genetic variation is generated by mutations that is unaffected by what an organism “wants.”
• Humans can negatively impact ecosystems because species do not always evolve fast enough to survive.
• Humans are evolving right now.